In his 1985 letter to Berkshire Hathaway shareholders, Warren Buffett reports a 48.2% gain in net worth and immediately warns that it will never happen again — noting that the visit of Halley’s Comet and that percentage have something in common: neither will be seen again in his lifetime. It is a landmark year and a landmark letter. Buffett closes the textile business that gave Berkshire its name, and the post-mortem is one of the most quoted passages he ever wrote: that a good managerial record owes far more to what business boat you get into than to how effectively you row. He recounts the auction where looms bought for $5,000 sold for $26 as scrap, dissects why Burlington Industries’ $3 billion of rational capital spending left its shareholders poorer in real terms, and explains why the economic goodwill of a single See’s store exceeded the proceeds of an entire mill’s assets. He then delivers a blistering critique of fixed-price stock options, using a savings account and a trustee to show how managers get rewarded simply for withholding owners’ earnings. The letter also covers the Capital Cities/ABC investment, the Scott & Fetzer acquisition, the Fireman’s Fund quota-share deal, the hardening insurance market, and the Washington Post story — bought in 1973 at a quarter of business value and worth $221 million by the end of 1985. Essential listening on value investing, capital allocation, incentives and Berkshire Hathaway history.
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