President Serdar Berdimuhamedov signed a statute on November 28, 2025, that legalizes and regulates cryptocurrency mining, exchanges, and digital asset activity; state media reported the move the same day. The law takes effect January 1, 2026, and establishes the Central Bank of Turkmenistan as the primary regulator charged with licensing exchanges, setting technical standards for distributed ledger technology, and exercising emergency powers over asset-backed instruments. Cryptocurrencies are recognized as objects of civil rights and are explicitly not legal tender, currency, or securities. The statute includes a national roadmap for virtual assets and mining through 2030. Miners must register with designated authorities and disclose power sources, equipment profiles, and site details, and covert or unauthorized mining is prohibited, including misuse of third-party computing resources. Exchanges must obtain licenses under Central Bank supervision, meet fit-and-proper checks and capital requirements, and implement custody controls such as cold storage, multi-factor access, segregation of client assets, and incident response procedures. AML/CFT and KYC controls are mandatory for all customers and transactions, anonymous wallets and anonymous transactions are banned, and firms must conduct ongoing monitoring, risk scoring, sanctions screening, and suspicious activity reporting. Advertising must include mandatory risk warnings, avoid use of national symbols and involvement of minors, and prohibit messaging that portrays crypto as easy wealth. Enforcement measures include fines, license suspension, asset freezes, site-level inspections, energy audits, and uptime reporting requirements for mining operations.
Source: https://theweb3.news/crypto/turkmenistan-crypto-law-2026/