In this episode of The Metabolic Classroom, Dr. Bikman begins by emphasizing the critical role of insulin in regulating the body’s use of fuel, and influencing whether nutrients are stored or burned.
He highlights that food is a primary driver of insulin levels, but other factors like stress and sleep deprivation significantly impact insulin resistance.
Stress, often exacerbated by poor sleep hygiene, leads to elevated levels of cortisol and epinephrine, which in turn increase blood glucose levels. Ben explains that going to bed on a full stomach can worsen sleep quality, further contributing to insulin resistance.
Dr. Bikman discusses a study showing that restricting sleep to five hours per night for a week resulted in significant increases in cortisol and epinephrine, along with a notable decrease in insulin sensitivity. This chronic elevation of stress hormones due to poor sleep disrupts the natural circadian rhythm, causing a constant high level of cortisol, which not only hampers insulin function but also damages muscle, bone, and skin by promoting the breakdown of proteins for glucose production.
Dr. Bikman advises improving sleep hygiene, such as reducing evening snacking and dimming lights, rather than relying on stimulants like caffeine, which can exacerbate cortisol levels and insulin resistance.
00:57 - Impact of Stress on Insulin Resistance
01:59 - Effect of Evening Eating on Sleep Quality
02:59 - Study on Sleep Restriction and Insulin Sensitivity
04:10 - Stress Hormones and Sleep Deprivation
07:53 - Circadian Rhythm Disruption
08:54 - Cortisol’s Broader Effects
10:45 - Advice on Improving Sleep Hygiene
Studies referenced in this episode:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20371664/
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