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Always Gold

The League on the Island

Season 1, Ep. 3

How political prisoners on Robben Island built a democracy from a football league.


Between 1966 and 1991, political prisoners on Robben Island built and ran a competitive football league with a written constitution, trained referees, and a formal appeals process. The men who built it included a future Deputy Chief Justice of South Africa. This is the story of the Makana Football Association — and the direct line from a referee's notebook in a prison cell to the Constitution of a democratic republic.

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