February 2023&nbsp;The papers behind the pod: <ol><li>Hobbiesiefken&nbsp;U&nbsp;et al. (2023).&nbsp;Rating enrichment items by female group-housed laboratory mice in multiple binary choice tests using an RFID-based tracking system.&nbsp;PloS one&nbsp;18(1): e0278709.&nbsp;<a href="https://doi.org/10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0278709" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0278709</a></li><li>Petkov C&nbsp;et al. (2022).&nbsp;Unified ethical principles and an animal research ‘Helsinki’ declaration as foundations for international collaboration.&nbsp;Current Research in Neurobiology&nbsp;3:100060.&nbsp;<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.crneur.2022.100060" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">doi:&nbsp;10.1016/j.crneur.2022.100060</a></li><li>Weber E&nbsp;et al. (2023).&nbsp;Aggression in Group-Housed Male Mice: A Systematic Review.&nbsp;Animals&nbsp;13(1):143.&nbsp;<a href="https://doi.org/10.3390%2Fani13010143" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">doi:&nbsp;10.3390/ani13010143</a></li></ol> It’s the third Thursday of February and you’re listening to the final episode of 3 minute 3Rs, recapping the latest efforts to replace, reduce and refine the use of animals in research. Follow this link for the full transcript: <a href="https://www.nc3rs.org.uk/3-minute-3rs-podcast-february-2023-transcript" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">https://www.nc3rs.org.uk/3-minute-3rs-podcast-february-2023-transcript</a>

Assessing enrichment, consolidating animal research guidance and understanding mouse aggression

January 2023&nbsp;The papers behind the pod: <ol><li>Cassotta M&nbsp;et al. (2022).&nbsp;A worldwide survey on the use of animal-derived materials and reagents in scientific experimentation.&nbsp;Engineering in Life Sciences&nbsp;22(9):561-604.&nbsp;<a href="https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/elsc.202100167" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">doi:&nbsp;10.1002/elsc.202100167</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li>Nuber M&nbsp;et al. (2022).&nbsp;Development of a 3D simulator for training the mouse&nbsp;in utero&nbsp;electroporation.&nbsp;PLOS One&nbsp;17(12): e0279004.&nbsp;<a href="https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0279004" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">doi:&nbsp;10.1371/journal.pone.0279004</a></li><li>Dickmann J&nbsp;et al.&nbsp;(2022).&nbsp;Clicker Training Mice for Improved Compliance in the Catwalk Test.&nbsp;Animals&nbsp;12(24): 3545.&nbsp;<a href="https://doi.org/10.3390%2Fani12243545" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">doi: 10.3390/ani12243545</a></li></ol> Happy New Year to all 3 Minute 3Rs listeners. It’s 2023, and we’re back with three more papers highlighting efforts to replace, reduce and refine the use of animals in research. Follow this link for the full transcript: https://www.nc3rs.org.uk/3-minute-3rs-podcast-january-2023-transcript&nbsp;

Replacing animal-derived reagents, simulating in utero microinjections and clicker training for mouse gait assessment

December 2022 The papers behind the pod: <ol><li>Menéndez ABC&nbsp;et al. (2022).&nbsp;Creating a kidney organoid-vasculature interaction model using a novel organ-on-chip system.&nbsp;Scientific Reports&nbsp;12:20699.&nbsp;<a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-24945-5" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">doi:&nbsp;10.1038/s41598-022-24945-5</a></li><li>Karp N&nbsp;et al.&nbsp;(2022).&nbsp;A qualitative study of the barriers to using blinding in&nbsp;in vivo&nbsp;experiments and suggestions for improvement.&nbsp;PLOS Biology&nbsp;20(11): e3001873.&nbsp;<a href="https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3001873" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">doi:&nbsp;10.1371/journal.pbio.3001873</a></li><li>Talbot S&nbsp;et al. (2022).&nbsp;RELSA—A multidimensional procedure for the comparative assessment of well-being and the quantitative determination of severity in experimental procedures.&nbsp;Frontiers in Veterinary Science&nbsp;9:937711.&nbsp;<a href="https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2022.937711" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">doi: 10.3389/fvets.2022.937711</a></li></ol>&nbsp;It’s the third Thursday of December, and you’re listening to 3 Minute 3Rs, your monthly recap of efforts to replace, reduce and refine the use of animals in research. To round off 2022 we are highlighting a paper for each R. Follow this link for the full transcript: https://www.nc3rs.org.uk/3-minute-3rs-podcast-december-2022-transcript

Kidney organoid vascularisation, implementing masking and quantitatively assessing experiment severity

November 2022 The papers behind the pod: <ol><li>Aulehner K&nbsp;et al. (2022).&nbsp;Grimace scale, burrowing, and nest building for the assessment of post-surgical pain in mice and rats—A systematic review.&nbsp;Frontiers in Veterinary Science&nbsp;9:930005.&nbsp;<a href="https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2022.930005/full" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">doi:&nbsp;10.3389/fvets.2022.930005</a></li><li>Hair K&nbsp;et al. (2022).&nbsp;‘Living’ evidence frameworks for&nbsp;in vivo&nbsp;animal research: towards translational evidence-based medicine.&nbsp;BMJ Evidence-Based Medicine&nbsp;2022;27:A17.&nbsp;<a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/ebm-2022-EBMLive.31" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">doi: 10.1136/ebm-2022-EBMLive.31</a> </li><li>Wong J&nbsp;et al. (2022).&nbsp;Electrochemically induced&nbsp;in vitro&nbsp;focal hypoxia in human neurons.&nbsp;Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology&nbsp;10:968341.&nbsp;<a href="https://doi.org/10.3389%2Ffcell.2022.968341" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">doi: 10.3389/fcell.2022.968341</a></li></ol> It’s the third Thursday of November, and you’re listening to 3 Minute 3Rs, your monthly recap of efforts to replace, reduce and refine the use of animals in research. Follow this link for the full transcript: <a href="https://www.nc3rs.org.uk/3-minute-3rs-podcast-november-2022-transcript" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">https://www.nc3rs.org.uk/3-minute-3rs-podcast-november-2022-transcript</a>

Assessing pain, living systematic reviews and inducing focal hypoxia in human neurons

October 2022 The papers behind the pod: <ol><li>Piper, SK&nbsp;et al.&nbsp;(2022). Statistical review of animal trials—A guideline.&nbsp;Biometrical Journal <a href="https://doi.org/10.1002/bimj.202200061" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">https://doi.org/10.1002/bimj.202200061</a> </li><li>Gargaté MJ et al.&nbsp;(2022). Parallel Propagation of Toxoplasma gondii In Vivo, In Vitro and in Alternate Model: Towards Less Dependence on the Mice Model. Pathogens <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens11091038" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens11091038</a> </li><li>Mieske P et al.&nbsp;et al.&nbsp;(2022). Bored at home?—A systematic review on the effect of environmental enrichment on the welfare of laboratory rats and mice. Frontiers in Veterinary Science <a href="https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2022.899219" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2022.899219</a> </li></ol> It’s the third Thursday of October, and you’re listening to 3 Minute 3Rs, your monthly recap of efforts to replace, reduce and refine the use of animals in research. This month we have a paper on each R. Follow this link for the full transcript: <a href="https://nc3rs.org.uk/3-minute-3rs-podcast-october-2022-transcript" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">https://nc3rs.org.uk/3-minute-3rs-podcast-october-2022-transcript</a>

Statistical planning, human cell cultures for toxoplasma and preventing boredom in laboratory rodents

September 2022 The papers behind the pod: <ol><li>Pinho RH&nbsp;et al.&nbsp;(2022). Validation of the rabbit pain behaviour scale (RPBS) to assess acute postoperative pain in rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus).&nbsp;PLoS ONE&nbsp;17(5): e0268973.&nbsp;<a href="https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0268973" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0268973</a> </li><li>Stull C, Heagerty A and Coleman K (2022). Video Conference Technology as a Tool for Pair Introduction in Rhesus Macaques.&nbsp;Animals&nbsp;12(14): e1783.&nbsp;<a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/ani12141783" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">https://doi.org/10.3390/ani12141783</a> </li><li>&nbsp;Zentrich E&nbsp;et al.&nbsp;(2022). Postoperative Severity Assessment in Sheep.&nbsp;European Surgical Research, in press.&nbsp;<a href="https://doi.org/10.1159/000526058" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">https://doi.org/10.1159/000526058</a> </li></ol> It’s the third Thursday of September, and you’re listening to 3 Minute 3Rs, your monthly recap of efforts to replace, reduce, and refine the use of animals in research. This month we’re focusing on refinements for working with three different non-rodent species. Follow this link for the full transcript: <a href="https://nc3rs.org.uk/3-minute-3rs-podcast-september-2022-transcript" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">https://nc3rs.org.uk/3-minute-3rs-podcast-september-2022-transcript</a>

Larger species refinement special: improving the welfare of rabbits, non-human primates and sheep

August 2022 The papers behind the pod: <ol><li>Arjmand S&nbsp;et al.&nbsp;(2022).&nbsp;Tips and traps for behavioural animal experimentation.&nbsp;Acta Neuropsychiatrica, in press.&nbsp;<a href="https://doi.org/10.1017/neu.2022.4" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">https://doi.org/10.1017/neu.2022.4</a></li><li>Wrede P&nbsp;et al.&nbsp;(2022).&nbsp;Real-time 3D optoacoustic tracking of cell-sized magnetic microrobots circulating in the mouse brain vasculature.&nbsp;Science Advances&nbsp;8(19). <a href="https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abm9132" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abm9132</a> </li><li>Russell A&nbsp;et al.&nbsp;(2022).&nbsp;Reduced housing density improves statistical power of murine gut microbiota studies.&nbsp;Cell Reports&nbsp;39(6): e110783.&nbsp;<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.celrep.2022.110783" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.celrep.2022.110783</a></li></ol> It’s the third Thursday of August, and you’re listening to 3 Minute 3Rs, your monthly recap of efforts to replace, reduce, and refine the use of animals in research. Follow this link for the full transcript: <a href="https://nc3rs.org.uk/3-minute-3rs-podcast-august-2022-transcript" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">https://nc3rs.org.uk/3-minute-3rs-podcast-august-2022-transcript</a>

Better behavioural research, imaging with microbots and how housing density affects mouse microbiomes

July 2022 The papers behind the pod: <ol><li>Ferreira DA&nbsp;et al. (2021). Alternative to Soft Lithography for the Fabrication of Organ-on-a-Chip Elastomeric-Based Devices and Microactuators.&nbsp;Advanced Science&nbsp;8:2003273.&nbsp;</li><li> <a href="https://doi.org/10.1002/advs.202003273" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">https://doi.org/10.1002/advs.202003273</a></li><li>Eigel D&nbsp;et al. (2019). Cryogel scaffolds for regionally constrained delivery of lysophosphatidylcholine to central nervous system slice cultures: A model of focal demyelination for multiple sclerosis research.&nbsp;Acta Biomaterialia&nbsp;97:216.&nbsp;</li><li> <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actbio.2019.08.030" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actbio.2019.08.030</a></li></ol> It’s the third Thursday of July, and you’re listening to 3 Minute 3Rs, your monthly recap of efforts to replace, reduce, and refine the use of animals in research. This month, we’ve got a special double feature highlighting the publications commended in the International 3Rs Prize, awarded by the NC3Rs and sponsored by GSK. Follow this link for the full transcript: <a href="https://urldefense.com/v3/__https:/nc3rs.org.uk/3-minute-3rs-podcast-july-2022-transcript__;!!NLFGqXoFfo8MMQ!pP6XTtie4ywyT4QN1F_Fx-RdktmpGE0Rdfoewe2iwSwiamAxAenm-fsygkgAlR6N1sipRfHswfKk8rQBR_Au0xcSAvFwuA$" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">https://nc3rs.org.uk/3-minute-3rs-podcast-july-2022-transcript</a>

3Rs Prize: A benchtop organ-on-a-chip fabrication method and an ex vivo model of focal demyelination

June 2022 The papers behind the pod: <ol><li>Williams WO and Baneux P (2022).&nbsp;Humane Intervention Points: Refining endpoint terminology to incorporate non-euthanasia intervention options to improve animal welfare and preserve experimental outcomes.&nbsp;Laboratory Animals, in press.&nbsp;<a href="https://doi.org/10.1177%2F00236772221090801" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">https://doi.org/10.1177/00236772221090801</a> </li><li>Osorio D&nbsp;et al.&nbsp;(2022). scTenifoldKnk: An efficient virtual knockout tool for gene function predictions via single-cell gene regulatory network perturbation.&nbsp;Patterns&nbsp;3(3): e100434.&nbsp;<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.patter.2022.100434" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.patter.2022.100434</a></li><li>Moudio S&nbsp;et al.&nbsp;(2022). Exposure of α-Synuclein Aggregates to Organotypic Slice Cultures Recapitulates Key Molecular Features of Parkinson's Disease.&nbsp;Frontiers in Neurology&nbsp;13: e826102.&nbsp;<a href="https://doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2022.826102" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">https://doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2022.826102</a></li></ol>&nbsp;It’s the third Thursday of June, and you’re listening to 3 Minute 3Rs, your monthly recap of efforts to replace, reduce and refine the use of animals in research. Follow this link for the full transcript: <a href="https://nc3rs.org.uk/3-minute-3rs-podcast-june-2022-transcript" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">https://nc3rs.org.uk/3-minute-3rs-podcast-june-2022-transcript</a>

Humane intervention points, virtual gene knockout and ex vivo brain slices for Parkinson's research

3 Minute 3Rs is your monthly recap of efforts to replace, reduce, and refine the use of animals in research, brought to you by the NC3Rs, the North American 3Rs Collaborative, and Lab Animal.

3 Minute 3Rs is your monthly recap of efforts to replace, reduce, and refine the use of animals in research, brought to you by the NC3Rs, the North American 3Rs Collaborative, and Lab Animal.